{"id":333092,"date":"2026-06-18T08:14:00","date_gmt":"2026-06-18T06:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/?p=333092"},"modified":"2026-06-18T11:16:15","modified_gmt":"2026-06-18T09:16:15","slug":"o-tom-benesovi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/magazin-luxor\/o-tom-benesovi\/","title":{"rendered":"O tom Bene\u0161ovi: Prezident, kter\u00fd pop\u0159el s\u00e1m sebe"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pat\u0159\u00ed k nejplodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nej\u010dten\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010desk\u00fdm spisovatel\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se systematicky v\u011bnuj\u00ed na\u0161im modern\u00edm d\u011bjin\u00e1m. Nyn\u00ed Pavel Kosat\u00edk p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s novou, velmi o\u010dek\u00e1vanou knihou O tom Bene\u0161ovi, <\/em>kterou slibuje nezjednodu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed a vrstevnat\u00fd portr\u00e9t mu\u017ee, jeho\u017e rozhodnut\u00ed dodnes formuj\u00ed \u010deskou n\u00e1rodn\u00ed identitu. Autor v n\u00ed ukazuje, \u017ee traumata z let 1938 nebo 1948 nejsou jen z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed u\u010debnic d\u011bjepisu, ale \u017ee v ment\u00e1ln\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b Edvarda Bene\u0161e \u017eijeme dodnes.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Edvard Bene\u0161 se zaslou\u017eil o st\u00e1t. Ale tak\u00e9 se dvakr\u00e1t podepsal na z\u00e1niku demokracie u n\u00e1s \u2013 \u0159e\u010d je o mnichovsk\u00e9 dohod\u011b z roku 1938 a o pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji vrchol\u00edc\u00edm \u00fanorem 1948, kdy do\u0161lo ke komunistick\u00e9mu p\u0159evratu. Pavel Kosat\u00edk si pro svou novinku vybral t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9 v \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti st\u00e1le vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 siln\u00e9 emoce. Edvard Bene\u0161 sice zem\u0159el v z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 1948, ale debaty o jeho roli v na\u0161ich d\u011bjin\u00e1ch neust\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Kosat\u00edk se ve sv\u00e9 nov\u00e9 knize odm\u00edt\u00e1 p\u0159idat k \u010dernob\u00edl\u00e9mu vid\u011bn\u00ed, nechce jen uk\u00e1zat na vin\u00edka, ale hled\u00e1 hlubok\u00e9 propojen\u00ed mezi prezidentem a tehdej\u0161\u00edmi n\u00e1ladami a pohledy v samotn\u00e9m n\u00e1rod\u011b. Bene\u0161 sice dvakr\u00e1t podepsal z\u00e1nik dom\u00e1c\u00ed demokracie, ale bez siln\u00e9ho souzn\u011bn\u00ed se spole\u010dnost\u00ed by nikdy nevykonal to, co vykonal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u010cten\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed znaj\u00ed Kosat\u00edk\u016fv vyt\u0159\u00edben\u00fd styl, ocen\u00ed, s jakou vyprav\u011b\u010dskou lehkost\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 faktografickou p\u0159esnost\u00ed k t\u00e9matu p\u0159istupuje. Souhlas\u00ed sice s prvn\u00edm \u010deskoslovensk\u00fdm prezidentem Tom\u00e1\u0161em Garriguem Masarykem, \u017ee bez Bene\u0161ova diplomatick\u00e9ho \u00fasil\u00ed by republika v roce 1918 v\u016fbec nevznikla, vz\u00e1p\u011bt\u00ed v\u0161ak ukazuje obrovsk\u00fd rozpor.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pavel Kosat\u00edk na Sv\u011bt\u011b knihy 2026<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Bene\u0161 dlouho budoval syst\u00e9m kolektivn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti v Evrop\u011b, aby ho pozd\u011bji s\u00e1m definitivn\u011b pop\u0159el.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

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Kdy\u017e hlava st\u00e1tu neunese odpov\u011bdnost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Jednou z kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch pas\u00e1\u017e\u00ed knihy je detailn\u00ed rozbor ud\u00e1lost\u00ed kolem Mnichovsk\u00e9 dohody na podzim 1938. Kosat\u00edk se neboj\u00ed j\u00edt proti proudu a naru\u0161uje hluboce zako\u0159en\u011bn\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00ed m\u00fdtus o tom, \u017ee n\u00e1s tehdy Z\u00e1pad jednodu\u0161e zradil a my jsme byli jen bezbrannou ob\u011bt\u00ed. Autor \u010dten\u00e1\u0159e vede k zamy\u0161len\u00ed, zda tehdy byla mo\u017en\u00e1 jin\u00e1 strategie. Ve chv\u00edli, kdy se n\u00e1rod odm\u00edtne s\u00e1m br\u00e1nit, mu toti\u017e \u017e\u00e1dn\u00ed spojenci nemohou p\u0159ij\u00edt na pomoc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podle Kosat\u00edka jsme tehdy v \u010dele st\u00e1tu prost\u011b nem\u011bli mu\u017ee, kter\u00fd by unesl tak stra\u0161livou odpov\u011bdnost. Zat\u00edmco Masaryk by podle autorova p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed bojoval za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed, Bene\u0161 nebyl rv\u00e1\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eKn\u00ed\u017eka je vlastn\u011b o tom, \u017ee nesm\u00edrn\u011b z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na tom, kdo je hlavou st\u00e1tu,\u201c poznamenal Kosat\u00edk v jednom z rozhovor\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Knihu doprov\u00e1z\u00ed ilustrace Terezy Mari\u00e1nov\u00e9.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n
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N\u00e1sledky t\u00e9to kapitulace si jako spole\u010dnost neseme d\u00e1l. Tehdy se v \u010ce\u0161\u00edch usadil nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd pocit, \u017ee za n\u00e1s m\u00e1 odpov\u00eddat n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd, a kdy\u017e n\u00e1m ciz\u00ed mocnosti nepomohou, nemus\u00edme si pom\u00e1hat ani my sami. Tento specifick\u00fd alibismus se pak podle Kosat\u00edka z\u010d\u00e1sti prom\u00edtl i do na\u0161ich dal\u0161\u00edch historick\u00fdch zlom\u016f v letech 1968 a 1989, kdy spole\u010dnost rad\u011bji volila \u00fat\u011bk ke kolektivn\u00ed vin\u011b, ne\u017e aby trestala konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed vin\u00edky.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Pozdn\u00ed procitnut\u00ed z iluze o Stalinovi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Nem\u00e9n\u011b fascinuj\u00edc\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed textu je l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed Bene\u0161ovy v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 politiky a jeho vztahu k Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu a dikt\u00e1toru Stalinovi. Kosat\u00edk odm\u00edt\u00e1, \u017ee by Bene\u0161 jednal z naivity, v\u017edy\u0165 pat\u0159il k nejinformovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm st\u00e1tn\u00edk\u016fm sv\u00e9 doby. Kdy\u017e si v\u0161ak v hlav\u011b zkonstruoval m\u00fdtus o zrad\u011b Z\u00e1padu, logicky mu z toho vy\u0161el trval\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklon k V\u00fdchodu, ke kter\u00e9mu ostatn\u011b inklinoval cel\u00fd \u017eivot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Spisovatel barvit\u011b popisuje moment, kdy dlouholet\u00e9mu podporovateli v\u0161eho sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho kone\u010dn\u011b za\u010dala doch\u00e1zet krut\u00e1 realita. Stalo se tak nejpozd\u011bji ve chv\u00edli, kdy Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da za\u010dala republiku m\u00edsto osvobozov\u00e1n\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e dob\u00fdvat. Bene\u0161 na posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli zoufale \u017e\u00e1dal Ameri\u010dany, aby sp\u011bchali do Prahy. Jen\u017ee v t\u00e9 chv\u00edli u\u017e bylo pozd\u011b a cesta ke komunistick\u00e9mu p\u0159evratu v \u00fanoru 1948 byla otev\u0159en\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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N\u011bmci jako celo\u017eivotn\u00ed podez\u0159el\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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Kniha p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed tak\u00e9 velmi objevn\u00e9 srovn\u00e1n\u00ed obou prvn\u00edch prezident\u016f v jejich vztahu k n\u011bmeck\u00e9mu obyvatelstvu, co\u017e pozd\u011bji vyvrcholilo kontroverzn\u00edmi dekrety a divok\u00fdm pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm odsunem. Zat\u00edmco Masaryk, vychovan\u00fd n\u011bmeckou matkou a formovan\u00fd tamn\u00ed kulturou, bral N\u011bmce po zbytek \u017eivota jako siln\u00e9ho, ale rovn\u00e9ho partnera pro jedn\u00e1n\u00ed z o\u010d\u00ed do o\u010d\u00ed, Bene\u0161 m\u011bl \u00fapln\u011b jinou zku\u0161enost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Bene\u0161 poch\u00e1zel z \u010desko-n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho jazykov\u00e9ho pomez\u00ed na Rokycansku a z jeho celo\u017eivotn\u00edch text\u016f je patrn\u00e9, \u017ee si v sob\u011b nesl hlubok\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed o nespolehlivosti N\u011bmc\u016f. Vid\u011bl v nich zavil\u00e9 nep\u0159\u00e1tele a potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed uli\u010dn\u00edky za v\u0161ech okolnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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O tom Bene\u0161ovi<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

I tento osobn\u00ed rys v\u00fdrazn\u011b poznamenal pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed zem\u011b. Nov\u00e1 kniha Pavla Kosat\u00edka nen\u00ed pouh\u00fdm such\u00fdm historick\u00fdm p\u0159ehledem. Ukazuje, \u017ee abychom si mohli vytvo\u0159it zdrav\u00fd vztah k vlastn\u00edmu st\u00e1tu, mus\u00edme nejprve opustit pohodlnou roli ob\u011bti. P\u0159esto\u017ee se ur\u010dit\u00e9 vzorce chov\u00e1n\u00ed v na\u0161ich d\u011bjin\u00e1ch neust\u00e1le opakuj\u00ed, autor si p\u0159eje, aby \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i nad str\u00e1nkami p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161leli o tom, \u201e\u017ee to tak nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt nav\u017edycky\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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UK\u00c1ZKA Z KNIHY:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

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P\u0159ipravuje se odsun<\/em><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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T\u00edm hlavn\u00edm, co Bene\u0161 v Moskv\u011b vyt\u011b\u017eil, byl sov\u011btsk\u00fd souhlas s odsunem. Svou prvn\u00ed velkou \u0159e\u010d o tom, jak v\u0161e bude prob\u00edhat, p\u0159ednesl v lond\u00fdnsk\u00e9 St\u00e1tn\u00ed rad\u011b 3. \u00fanora 1944. Tyto ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u00ed projevy byly jak\u00fdmisi jeho \u201ezpr\u00e1vami o stavu Unie\u201c, v\u017edy se zhruba ro\u010dn\u00ed periodicitou a s hodnocen\u00edm uplynul\u00e9ho kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho roku ve sv\u011bt\u011b i doma; pravidelnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed t\u011bchto projev\u016f byly tak\u00e9 Bene\u0161ovy pl\u00e1ny a proroctv\u00ed t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00ed se ukon\u010den\u00ed v\u00e1lky. Jak se bl\u00ed\u017eilo v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 rozuzlen\u00ed, zab\u00fdval se Bene\u0161 st\u00e1le v\u00edc tak\u00e9 pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdm uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00edm st\u00e1tu. Zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fd projev byl ze v\u0161ech nejdel\u0161\u00ed a tak\u00e9 nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Prezidentova r\u00e9torika se proti minulosti zm\u011bnila a byla nyn\u00ed p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b agresivn\u00ed; n\u011bkter\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti Bene\u0161ovy \u0159e\u010di by mohly b\u00fdt vlo\u017eeny do \u00fast Stalinovi nebo Hitlerovi a nebyl by poznat rozd\u00edl. \u201eP\u0159evrat v t\u00e9to v\u00e1lce bude a mus\u00ed b\u00fdt revolu\u010dn\u011b a vojensky organizovan\u00fd a n\u00e1siln\u00fd a bude a mus\u00ed znamenat u n\u00e1s velikou lidovou odplatu a pro N\u011bmce a fa\u0161istick\u00e9 n\u00e1siln\u00edky konec opravdu krvav\u00fd a nel\u00edtostn\u00fd,\u201c t\u011bmito a podobn\u00fdmi v\u011btami Bene\u0161 sytil sv\u00e9 poslucha\u010de, kte\u0159\u00ed pokud aspo\u0148 z\u010d\u00e1sti z\u016fst\u00e1vali demokraty, museli b\u00fdt podobn\u00fdmi my\u0161lenkami od prezidenta, dosud se tak\u00e9 pokl\u00e1daj\u00edc\u00edho za demokrata, p\u0159ekvapeni.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Od jedince s takovou politickou minulost\u00ed, jako byla ta Bene\u0161ova, se daly \u010dekat \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9 pov\u00e1le\u010dn\u00e9 pl\u00e1ny. \u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd politicky vyrostl v obdob\u00ed prvn\u00ed republiky a za v\u0161e, \u010d\u00edm byl, j\u00ed vd\u011b\u010dil, se na konci v\u00e1lky rozhodl nikoli pro jej\u00ed pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale pro politiku z\u00e1sadn\u00ed diskontinuity. Rozchod se t\u0159emi miliony n\u011bmeck\u00e9ho obyvatelstva a v\u00fdroky o tom, \u017ee sou\u017eit\u00ed s N\u011bmci jako celkem nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, koneckonc\u016f znamenaly, \u017ee cel\u00e1 prvn\u00ed republika, kter\u00e1 o integraci n\u011bmeck\u00e9 men\u0161iny usilovala, byla od za\u010d\u00e1tku chybn\u00fdm projektem. Bene\u0161 s n\u00edm poh\u0159b\u00edval nejen prvn\u00ed republiku, ale i sv\u016fj n\u011bkdej\u0161\u00ed velk\u00fd vzor prezidenta Masaryka. A koneckonc\u016f se distancoval i s\u00e1m od sebe, sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed minulosti. \u0160lo o tak masivn\u00ed sebepop\u0159en\u00ed, a\u017e vzbuzovalo ot\u00e1zku, zda u Bene\u0161e s Mnichovem a jeho n\u00e1sledky nedo\u0161lo ke zm\u011bn\u011b identity. \u010clov\u011bk, kter\u00fd zavrhoval celou svou minulost, cht\u011bl p\u0159esto jako politik pokra\u010dovat, nav\u00edc pr\u00e1v\u011b z\u00a0d\u016fvodu t\u00e9to z\u00e1sadn\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed transformace.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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O tom Bene\u0161ovi<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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PAVEL KOSAT\u00cdK (* 1962)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Spisovatel, scen\u00e1rista a publicista pat\u0159\u00ed k oce\u0148ovan\u00fdm autor\u016fm literatury faktu.
Jeho dom\u00e9nou jsou hlubok\u00e9 psychologick\u00e9 portr\u00e9ty osobnost\u00ed a anal\u00fdzy kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch spole\u010densk\u00fdch zlom\u016f. Za sv\u00e9 d\u00edlo obdr\u017eel \u0159adu uzn\u00e1n\u00ed, je tak\u00e9 autorem \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho televizn\u00edho cyklu \u010cesk\u00e9 stolet\u00ed, kde se postav\u011b Edvarda Bene\u0161e poprv\u00e9 podrobn\u011b v\u011bnoval jako scen\u00e1rista.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Knihy Pavla Kosat\u00edka<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el v Magaz\u00ednu LUXOR v \u010dervnu 2026.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Pat\u0159\u00ed k nejplodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nej\u010dten\u011bj\u0161\u00edm \u010desk\u00fdm spisovatel\u016fm, kte\u0159\u00ed se systematicky v\u011bnuj\u00ed na\u0161im modern\u00edm d\u011bjin\u00e1m. Nyn\u00ed Pavel Kosat\u00edk p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00ed s novou, velmi o\u010dek\u00e1vanou knihou O tom Bene\u0161ovi, kterou slibuje nezjednodu\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":333098,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"twitterCardType":"","cardImageID":0,"cardImage":"","cardTitle":"","cardDesc":"","cardImageAlt":"","cardPlayer":"","cardPlayerWidth":0,"cardPlayerHeight":0,"cardPlayerStream":"","cardPlayerCodec":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[21655,6],"tags":[20794,20795,21098],"class_list":["post-333092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-magazin-luxor","category-knizni-zajimavosti","tag-ceske-dejiny","tag-historie","tag-zivotopis"],"acf":{"related_products":false},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=333092"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":333099,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/333092\/revisions\/333099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/333098"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=333092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=333092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=333092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}