{"id":15519,"date":"2021-06-07T13:30:37","date_gmt":"2021-06-07T11:30:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/?p=15519"},"modified":"2021-06-03T15:45:29","modified_gmt":"2021-06-03T13:45:29","slug":"tomas-kraus-pamatuju-si-jak-tata-psal-na-svem-psacim-stroji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/rozhovor\/tomas-kraus-pamatuju-si-jak-tata-psal-na-svem-psacim-stroji\/","title":{"rendered":"Tom\u00e1\u0161 Kraus: Pamatuju si, jak t\u00e1ta psal na sv\u00e9m psac\u00edm stroji"},"content":{"rendered":"

V\u00a0knih\u00e1ch Franti\u0161ka R. Krause se otev\u00edraj\u00ed br\u00e1ny zmizel\u00e9 \u017eidovsk\u00e9 Prahy a mnoh\u00fdch nepr\u00e1vem zapomenut\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f. O sv\u00e9m otci a jeho knih\u00e1ch pohovo\u0159il jeho syn JUDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Kraus.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2019 jste nab\u00eddl nakladatelstv\u00ed Cattacan rukopisy va\u0161eho otce k nov\u00e9mu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro\u010d jste se pro tento projekt rozhodl?<\/strong>
\nN\u00e1pad se rodil postupn\u011b. Nejprve jsem cht\u011bl vydat rukopisy, kter\u00e9 \u010dekaly cel\u00e1 desetilet\u00ed u m\u011b doma, aby mohly vyj\u00edt. Ve spolupr\u00e1ci se St\u00e1\u0148ou Findejsovou z\u00a0Cattacanu jsme je digitalizovali a k takto z\u00edskan\u00fdm pov\u00eddk\u00e1m jsme p\u0159idali dal\u0161\u00ed texty, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1zely v\u00a0pades\u00e1t\u00fdch a \u0161edes\u00e1t\u00fdch letech v\u00a0r\u016fzn\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch a \u010dasopisech a znal jen \u00fazk\u00fd okruh \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Soubor jsme pak rozd\u011blili na dva tematick\u00e9 okruhy \u2013 sv\u011bt star\u00e9ho \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta pra\u017esk\u00e9ho a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy s\u00a0tematikou holocaustu. Tak vznikla prvn\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1 publikace Pov\u00eddky ze Svrabov\u00e9 \u010dtvrti<\/a>. Te\u010f pokra\u010dujeme autobiografick\u00fdm souborem z\u00a0doby Terez\u00edna a Osv\u011btimi, kter\u00fd vy\u0161el t\u011bsn\u011b po v\u00e1lce pod n\u00e1zvem A p\u0159ive\u010f zp\u011bt na\u0161e roztrou\u0161en\u00e9\u2026, ale neopustili jsme z\u00e1m\u011br vydat i dal\u0161\u00ed, nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 pov\u00eddky. Takhle vznikla my\u0161lenka postupn\u011b vydat v\u0161e, tedy i dal\u0161\u00ed knihy, kter\u00e9 za t\u00e1tova \u017eivota sice vy\u0161ly, ale v okle\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 cenzurovan\u00e9 podob\u011b.<\/p>\n

V\u00a0jak\u00e9m stavu byly p\u016fvodn\u00ed rukopisy?<\/strong>
\nByly na star\u00e9m d\u0159evnat\u00e9m pap\u00edru. Pamatuju si, jak je t\u00e1ta psal na sv\u00e9m psac\u00edm stroji zna\u010dky Continental. Ned\u00e1vno si jeden kamar\u00e1d vzpomn\u011bl, jak se klap\u00e1n\u00ed stroje od r\u00e1na do ve\u010dera oz\u00fdvalo ve Star\u00fdch Splavech, kam jsme jezdili ka\u017ed\u00fd rok na pr\u00e1zdniny. Texty od t\u00e9 doby nikdo nezpracoval, a tak m\u011b napadlo, \u017ee by to te\u010f v\u00a0dob\u011b digitalizace mohlo j\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Kolik knih by m\u011blo v\u00a0r\u00e1mci tohoto projektu vyj\u00edt a \u010deho v\u0161eho se budou t\u00fdkat?<\/strong>
\nPokud bychom cht\u011bli vydat opravdu v\u0161e, bylo by to p\u011bt reedic\u00ed, jeden nevydan\u00fd rom\u00e1n a asi dal\u0161\u00edch p\u011bt pov\u00eddkov\u00fdch soubor\u016f, v\u010detn\u011b fragmentu filmov\u00e9ho n\u00e1m\u011btu Tv\u00e1\u0159 \u010d\u00edslo 5, kter\u00fd sice Barrandov pou\u017eil, ale bez uzn\u00e1n\u00ed t\u00e1tova autorstv\u00ed. Z\u00a0u\u017e publikovan\u00fdch knih je to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm rom\u00e1n David bude \u017e\u00edt, jen\u017e vy\u0161el po komunistick\u00e9m p\u0159evratu v\u00a0roce 1949, ale t\u00e1ta ho psal d\u00e1vno p\u0159edt\u00edm, a p\u016fvodn\u011b ho v\u011bnoval Janu Masarykovi, jako\u017eto velk\u00e9mu podporovateli sionistick\u00e9 my\u0161lenky. Dobov\u00e1 cenzura v\u0161ak zcela zm\u011bnila z\u00e1v\u011br knihy, tak\u017ee douf\u00e1m, \u017ee se mi poda\u0159\u00ed naj\u00edt p\u016fvodn\u00ed text s\u00a0t\u00e1tov\u00fdm zakon\u010den\u00edm.<\/p>\n

Ob\u011b ji\u017e vy\u0161l\u00e9 knihy jsou doprov\u00e1zen\u00e9 ilustracemi Ivana Bukovsk\u00e9ho. Kde vznikl n\u00e1pad na spolupr\u00e1ci s\u00a0n\u00edm?<\/strong>
\nIvan Bukovsk\u00fd, jeden z\u00a0nejuzn\u00e1van\u011bj\u0161\u00edch sou\u010dasn\u00fdch mal\u00ed\u0159\u016f, je syn t\u00e1tova p\u0159\u00edtele, s\u00a0n\u00edm\u017e pro\u0161el celou anab\u00e1zi z Prahy do Terez\u00edna, Osv\u011btimi a dal\u0161\u00edch nacistick\u00fdch l\u00e1gr\u016f. Je zcela logick\u00e9, \u017ee v\u00a0jejich p\u0159\u00e1telstv\u00ed my dva pokra\u010dujeme a na\u0161e spolupr\u00e1ce m\u00e1 tak n\u00e1dech mystick\u00e9 osudovosti.<\/p>\n

A dostanou prostor i dokument\u00e1rn\u011bji lad\u011bn\u00e9 texty?<\/strong>
\nTy pov\u00eddky vlastn\u011b dokument\u00e1rn\u00edmi texty jsou. Sv\u011bt, jak vyvst\u00e1v\u00e1 \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm p\u0159ed o\u010dima, p\u016fsob\u00ed sice plasticky, ale \u010dasto a\u017e nere\u00e1ln\u011b, n\u011bkdy p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 romanticky, jindy naopak p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 drasticky. Jenom\u017ee takhle se to v\u0161echno doopravdy odehr\u00e1lo, postavy jsou skute\u010dn\u00e9, m\u00edsta a situace tak\u00e9, jsou to vlastn\u011b report\u00e1\u017ee. Kv\u016fli vyu\u017eit\u00ed Ivanova artov\u00e9ho proveden\u00ed jsme v\u0161ak nem\u011bli m\u00edsto na bohatou dokumentaci, kter\u00e1 by doprovodila starou Prahu, Terez\u00edn i dal\u0161\u00ed m\u00edsta. D\u00edky tomu vznikl n\u00e1pad na dal\u0161\u00ed knihu, kter\u00e1 by se zam\u011b\u0159ila na faktografii pov\u00eddek, a dolo\u017eila by ji dobov\u00fdmi fotografiemi, medailonky postav, topografi\u00ed popisovan\u00fdch m\u00edst atd.<\/p>\n

Pov\u00eddky se Svrabov\u00e9 \u010dtvrti<\/a> popisuj\u00ed sv\u011bt a \u017eivot zanikl\u00e9ho Josefova. M\u00e1me dnes \u0161anci se po on\u011bch m\u00edstech proj\u00edt, nebo jsou zcela ztracena?<\/strong>
\nOb\u00e1v\u00e1m se, \u017ee jsou ztracena. Alespo\u0148 v\u00a0t\u00e9 podob\u011b, v\u00a0jak\u00e9 je t\u00e1ta popisuje. M\u016f\u017eeme se samoz\u0159ejm\u011b proj\u00edt po Maiselov\u011b ulici a okol\u00ed a obdivovat kr\u00e1su star\u00fdch synagog, kter\u00e9 jako z\u00e1zrakem p\u0159e\u010dkaly nacistick\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed, a m\u011bly tak v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed ne\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed se sem chodili modlit. Ale u\u017e neuvid\u00edme kr\u00e1mky a v\u00fdv\u011bsn\u00ed \u0161t\u00edty, nepotk\u00e1me p\u00e1ny a d\u00e1my v\u00a0honosn\u00fdch r\u00f3b\u00e1ch, ani otrhan\u00e9 nuz\u00e1ky \u010di party uk\u0159i\u010den\u00fdch kluk\u016f. Nato\u017e abychom str\u010dili nos do n\u011bjak\u00e9 t\u00e9 putyky \u010di dokonce vyk\u0159i\u010den\u00e9ho podniku, kter\u00fdch tu bylo dost. Tomu u\u010dinila p\u0159\u00edtr\u017e nejd\u0159\u00edve asanace, ale pak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm holocaust. A l\u00e9ta komunismu se podepsala i na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 podob\u011b kdysi vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9, tzv. P\u00e1t\u00e9 \u010dtvrti. V\u00a0\u010dase se tedy p\u0159en\u00e9st nem\u016f\u017eeme, ale bude ur\u010dit\u011b dob\u0159e, kdy\u017e si p\u0159i proch\u00e1zk\u00e1ch dne\u0161n\u00edm Star\u00fdm m\u011bstem alespo\u0148 uv\u011bdom\u00edme, \u017ee jdeme m\u00edsty, kde kvetl jedine\u010dn\u00fd a neopakovateln\u00fd zp\u016fsob \u017eivota, genius loci a fenom\u00e9n, kter\u00fd ve sv\u011bt\u011b nem\u011bl obdoby.<\/p>\n

Druh\u00fd svazek souborn\u00e9ho d\u00edla A p\u0159ive\u010f zp\u011bt na\u0161e roztrou\u0161en\u00e9\u2026<\/a> je jin\u00fd. O \u010dem pojedn\u00e1v\u00e1?<\/strong>
\nJe to soubor pov\u00eddek a \u010drt, kter\u00e9 chronologicky popisuj\u00ed autorovo putov\u00e1n\u00ed nacistick\u00fdmi koncentr\u00e1ky, od deportace do Terez\u00edna a\u017e po \u00fat\u011bk z\u00a0pracovn\u00edho t\u00e1bora a p\u0159\u00edjezd do ji\u017e osvobozen\u00e9 Budape\u0161ti. To, v\u00a0\u010dem je tohle liter\u00e1rn\u00ed sv\u011bdectv\u00ed unik\u00e1tn\u00ed, jsou l\u00ed\u010den\u00ed osud\u016f r\u016fzn\u00fdch lid\u00ed, od v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch \u010di slavn\u00fdch osobnost\u00ed, a\u017e po nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 \u201ehrdiny\u201c. Je to sv\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem pomn\u00edk t\u011bch, na n\u011b\u017e by se nem\u011blo zapom\u00ednat.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vypr\u00e1v\u011bl v\u00e1m tat\u00ednek sv\u00e9 z\u00e1\u017eitky z druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lky?<\/strong>
\nAni ne, sna\u017eili se m\u011b s\u00a0m\u00e1mou t\u011bch traumat u\u0161et\u0159it. Byl jsem ostatn\u011b je\u0161t\u011b d\u00edt\u011b, t\u00e1ta um\u0159el, kdy\u017e mi bylo t\u0159in\u00e1ct. Ale i d\u00edt\u011b pochyt\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u011bci, t\u0159eba i z\u00a0vypr\u00e1v\u011bn\u00ed dosp\u011bl\u00fdch, kdy\u017e se bav\u00ed mezi sebou \u010di s\u00a0p\u0159\u00e1teli. A tam se ta tragick\u00e1 t\u00e9mata samoz\u0159ejm\u011b prob\u00edrala dost \u010dasto.<\/p>\n

Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se Franti\u0161ek R. Kraus dosud nedostal do\u00a0u\u010debnic? Pro\u010d jeho knihy nevych\u00e1zely ji\u017e za jeho \u017eivota?<\/strong>
\n\u010ceskoslovensk\u00fd komunistick\u00fd re\u017eim byl zprvu \u2013 v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0tehdej\u0161\u00ed sov\u011btskou politikou \u2013 zast\u00e1ncem vzniku \u017eidovsk\u00e9ho st\u00e1tu na St\u0159edn\u00edm v\u00fdchod\u011b, proto\u017ee p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dal, \u017ee se Izrael stane socialistickou zem\u00ed. K\u00a0tomu ov\u0161em nikdy nedo\u0161lo, a tak se od pades\u00e1t\u00fdch let zcela oto\u010dil politick\u00fd kurz, \u201ep\u0159\u00e1teli\u201c se staly arabsk\u00e9 st\u00e1ty v \u010dele s\u00a0Egyptem. Vnitropoliticky do\u0161lo k\u00a0otev\u0159en\u011b antisemitsk\u00fdm \u010distk\u00e1m, nejen b\u011bhem procesu s\u00a0Rudolfem Sl\u00e1nsk\u00fdm. V\u0161e \u017eidovsk\u00e9 bylo zakazov\u00e1no a tabuizov\u00e1no. Kv\u016fli tomu byly redakce tehdej\u0161\u00edch nakladatelstv\u00ed, p\u0159esto\u017ee v\u00a0nich m\u011bl t\u00e1ta mnoho p\u0159\u00e1tel, nuceny knihy odm\u00edtat. Bari\u00e9ru trochu nalomilo Pra\u017esk\u00e9 jaro a n\u011bkolik p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch let, ale toho se t\u00e1ta u\u017e nedo\u017eil. Proto se tak\u00e9 nedostal do \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fdch u\u010debnic a slovn\u00edk\u016f, a j\u00e1 douf\u00e1m, \u017ee te\u010f tuto mezeru zapln\u00edme pr\u00e1v\u011b vyd\u00e1n\u00edm jeho souborn\u00e9ho d\u00edla.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00e9 knihy bav\u00ed v\u00e1s osobn\u011b? Zaj\u00edm\u00e1te se rovn\u011b\u017e o \u017eidovskou tematiku?<\/strong>
\nM\u00e1m dost \u0161irok\u00fd z\u00e1b\u011br, d\u00e1v\u00e1m p\u0159ednost literatu\u0159e faktu, ale nepohrdnu ani dobr\u00fdm historick\u00fdm rom\u00e1nem. Knihy s\u00a0\u017eidovskou tematikou tvo\u0159\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017enou \u010d\u00e1st moj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 knihovny. Mus\u00edm p\u0159iznat, \u017ee se knihy vr\u0161\u00ed i mimo pracovnu. K\u00a0tomu m\u00e1m, jako\u017eto b\u00fdval\u00fd jazzov\u00fd aktivista a pracovn\u00edk Supraphonu, bohatou kolekci hudebn\u00edch nahr\u00e1vek a hodn\u011b DVD s\u00a0obl\u00edben\u00fdmi filmy. Tak\u017ee u n\u00e1s u\u017e nen\u00ed moc m\u00edsta na nov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edr\u016fstky.<\/p>\n

D\u011bkuji za p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fd rozhovor a budu se t\u011b\u0161it na dal\u0161\u00ed kn\u00ed\u017eku va\u0161eho tat\u00ednka.<\/p>\n

Helena Herynkov\u00e1<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

JUDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Kraus<\/strong> je tajemn\u00edkem Federace \u017eidovsk\u00fdch obc\u00ed a d\u011bdicem autorsk\u00fdch pr\u00e1v rukopis\u016f sv\u00e9ho otce Franti\u0161ka R. Krause. V\u00a0roce 2019 se rozhodl pustit do rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9ho projektu a d\u00edky znovu vyd\u00e1n\u00ed otcov\u00fdch knih p\u0159edstavit jeho d\u00edlo a osobnost \u010desk\u00e9mu \u010dten\u00e1\u0159i.<\/em><\/p>\n

Spisovatel a novin\u00e1\u0159\u00a0Franti\u0161ek R. Kraus<\/strong>\u00a0byl hrd\u00fdm souputn\u00edkem takov\u00fdch liter\u00e1rn\u00edch velik\u00e1n\u016f, jak\u00fdmi byli Franz Kafka, Max Brod, Egon Erwin Kisch \u010di brat\u0159i \u010capkov\u00e9. Kraus \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm ve sv\u00fdch knih\u00e1ch zjevuje sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o zmizel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b \u017eidovsk\u00e9 Prahy \u010di report\u00e1\u017en\u00edm zp\u016fsobem vypr\u00e1v\u00ed o z\u00e1\u017eitc\u00edch z v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fdch\u00a0let 1939-1945. P\u0159esto se o n\u011bm v\u00a0u\u010debnic\u00edch literatury nedo\u010dtete, co\u017e hodl\u00e1 nov\u00fd projekt vyd\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed jeho knih napravit.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

V\u00a0knih\u00e1ch Franti\u0161ka R. Krause se otev\u00edraj\u00ed br\u00e1ny zmizel\u00e9 \u017eidovsk\u00e9 Prahy a mnoh\u00fdch nepr\u00e1vem zapomenut\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f. O sv\u00e9m otci a jeho knih\u00e1ch pohovo\u0159il jeho syn JUDr. Tom\u00e1\u0161 Kraus. V\u00a0l\u00e9t\u011b 2019 jste […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":15522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"twitterCardType":"","cardImageID":0,"cardImage":"","cardTitle":"","cardDesc":"","cardImageAlt":"","cardPlayer":"","cardPlayerWidth":0,"cardPlayerHeight":0,"cardPlayerStream":"","cardPlayerCodec":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[20771,20730,36,20766,18344,39,21399,20723,21400],"class_list":["post-15519","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rozhovor","tag-2-svetova-valka","tag-frantisek-r-kraus","tag-knihy","tag-povidky","tag-rozhovor","tag-rozhovory","tag-valecna-literatura","tag-valka","tag-vypraveni"],"acf":{"related_products":null},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15519","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15519"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15519\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.luxor.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}